Silicone wani abu ne na roba wanda aka yi amfani da shi a cikin ɗimbin aikace-aikace a cikin masana'antu da yawa.Ana iya samun siliki a cikin samfuran da muke amfani da su a rayuwarmu ta yau da kullun, daga motocin da muke tukawa, kayan shirya abinci da kayan ajiya, kwalabe na jarirai da na'urorin wanke hannu, da hakori da sauran kayayyakin tsabtace mutum na yau da kullun.Hakanan ana amfani da silicone sosai a cikin samfuran waɗanda zasu iya ceton rayuwarmu gami da abin rufe fuska na numfashi, IV's, da sauran mahimman na'urorin kiwon lafiya da na kiwon lafiya. A cikin wannan labarin, zamu tattauna yadda ake amfani da shi da kuma yadda ake kwatanta shi da silicon da filastik.Za ku sami ƙarin koyo game da tsarin samar da silicone da wasu fa'idodin sanannen wannan fili.

Menene Silicone?

Silicone, wanda kuma aka sani da polysiloxane, abu ne na mutum.Shi polymer wanda ya ƙunshi siloxane wanda ke nuna daidaiton roba-kamar tare da kwayoyin halitta waɗanda ke da sarƙoƙi na madadin oxygen da atom ɗin silicon.Wannan nau'in polymer na musamman zai iya zama maɓalli mai mahimmanci da aka yi amfani da shi a:

• Resins
• Ruwan ruwa
• Elastomers

Bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin silicone da sauran polymers na masana'antu shine cewa kashin bayan kwayoyin su ba ya ƙunshi carbon.Wasu daga cikin aikace-aikacen gama gari ta amfani da silicone sun haɗa da:

• Silicone ciyar tasa
• Silicone kayan shafa goga
• Kayan dafa abinci
• O-zobe
• Tabarmar mai jure zafi
• Silicone baby hakora
• Molds masu sassauƙa
• Silicone kayan wasan yara ilimi
• Gasket
• Silicone kofuna masu rugujewa
• Kettle nadawa
• Silicone dabba tasa
• Abincin ciyar da yara

Masana'antu da suka kama daga kera motoci zuwa masaku da mabukaci zuwa likitanci suna amfani da silicone don dalilai daban-daban.

Menene Silicone Aka Yi?

A matsayin madaidaicin polymer, silicone yana cikin masu zuwa:

• Kauki
• Mai
• Elastomers
• Man shafawa

Babban abin da ke cikin siliki shine silica - ɗaya daga cikin nau'ikan yashi da ke faruwa.Ga abin da kuke buƙatar sani game da silicone vs. silicon.

Ta yaya ake Samar da Siliki?

Bari mu bincika matakai daban-daban da ke tattare da samar da silicone.

Mataki 1: Ware Silicon Daga Silica

Ware siliki daga siliki shine matakin farko na samar da siliki.Don cimma wannan, babban adadin yashi ma'adini yana zafi zuwa yanayin zafi da ya kai digiri 1800 na ma'aunin celcius.Silicon mai tsabta, keɓe shi ne sakamakon.Da zarar ya huce, masana'antun za su iya niƙa shi cikin foda mai kyau.

Mataki 2: Haɗa Foda Tare da Methyl Chloride

An haɗe foda mai kyau na silicon da methyl chloride.Yin amfani da zafi yana sake kunna martani tsakanin abubuwan da ke samar da abin da aka sani da methyl chlorosilane.Methyl chlorosilane cakude ne mai ɗauke da sinadarai da yawa, mafi rinjayen su, dimethyldichlorosilane, shine farkon ginin siliki.

Mataki na 3: Rage Cakuda

Samun daga dimethyldichlorosilane zuwa silicone yana buƙatar tsari mai rikitarwa don raba sassa daban-daban na methyl chlorosilane daga juna.Saboda chlorosilanes suna da wuraren tafasa daban-daban, wannan matakin ya haɗa da dumama cakuda zuwa jerin madaidaicin yanayin zafi.

Mataki na 4: Ƙara Ruwa

Bayan distillation, hada ruwa tare da dimethyldichlorosilane yana haifar da rabuwa na hydrochloric acid da disilanol. Sa'an nan kuma hydrochloric acid yana aiki a matsayin mai kara kuzari ga diquinone, yana sa shi ya tattara cikin polydimethylsiloxane.

Mataki na 5: Polymerization na Silicone

Za ku lura cewa polydimethylsiloxane yana da haɗin siloxane.Wannan haɗin gwiwa shine kashin bayan silicone.Polymerizing silicone ya ƙunshi hanyoyi daban-daban dangane da ƙayyadaddun kayan da aka gama. Duk da yake tsarin samar da silicone na iya zama kamar hadaddun, a zahiri, yana da madaidaiciya kuma yana iya faruwa akan sikelin taro don ƙarancin farashi.Don haka, ba abin mamaki ba ne cewa siliki mai ɗorewa ya fito a matsayin ɗayan shahararrun elastomer don amfanin kasuwanci da masana'antu.

Silicone vs. Filastik

Filastik da silicone suna da matukar ɗorewa kuma kayan da ba za a iya jurewa ba, kuma suna iya samun kamanni da jin daɗi.Yayin da su biyun suka yi kama da juna, keɓancewar sinadarai da abubuwan da suka haɗar da su ya sa su bambanta. Filastik suna da kashin bayan kwayoyin halitta da aka yi da carbon da hydrogen.Samar da su yana amfani da albarkatu masu zuwa:

• Gas na halitta
• Tsire-tsire
• Danyen mai

Ana yin robobi daga abubuwan da ba su da alaƙa da muhalli kuma suna iya rushewa zuwa microplastics masu haɗari.Har ila yau, a wasu lokuta suna ɗauke da guba, irin su bisphenol A. Filastik yawanci ba su daɗe muddin silicones kuma ba su da juriya ga matsanancin zafi.

Amfanin Silicone

Abubuwan silicone suna da amfani sosai ga aikace-aikace iri-iri.Saboda kaddarorin sa, kayan silicone suna da fa'idodi da yawa, waɗannan kaddarorin sun haɗa da:

• sassauci
• Rashin lafiya
• Tsaratarwa
• Juriya yanayin zafi
• Juriya na ruwa
• Karɓar iska
• Dorewa
• Sauƙi don tsaftacewa
• Mara sanda
• Mai jurewa tabo
• Mai saurin iskar gas
• Dorewa
• Mara guba
• Mara wari

Silicone yana da sauƙin keɓancewa da ƙirƙira kuma ya zo cikin nau'ikan nau'ikan nau'ikan ruwa (ruwa, m ko takardar) dangane da gyare-gyare ko ƙirar ƙira da takamaiman amfani.Ko aikace-aikacen ku yana buƙatar ƙarin juriya na zafin jiki ko ƙarin rashin ƙarfi, masana'antun kayan aiki suna ba da mahaɗai iri-iri da maki don biyan buƙatun ku daban-daban.